Environmental Health Risk Analysis of Water and Air Pollution

Abstract

Environmental pollution is a global issue that has a significant impact on human health, particularly through water and air. This study aims to analyze health risks resulting from exposure to chemical and biological contaminants using an environmental health risk analysis approach. A qualitative method was employed, utilizing secondary scientific data from various publications over the past five years obtained through an online literature search. The results indicate that water pollution caused by heavy metals and pathogenic microorganisms contributes to an increased risk of infectious diseases and vital organ disorders. Meanwhile, air pollution resulting from particulate matter and hazardous gases is associated with an increase in respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. The environmental health risk analysis approach provides a systematic overview of the risk levels faced by the public. Furthermore, the integration of various environmental media demonstrates that the impacts of pollution are complex and mutually interactive. Therefore, comprehensive and sustainable control efforts are required to minimize health risks and improve environmental quality and community well-being.