Impact of Toxic Compounds on Cellular Metabolism and Human Health

Abstract

Exposure to toxic compounds is a growing global issue due to industrial development and human activities. This study aims to analyze the impact of toxic compounds on cellular metabolism and its implications for human health. The method used is a descriptive qualitative approach through a literature review of various scientific sources over the past five years. The results of the study indicate that toxic compounds can disrupt cellular metabolism through several primary mechanisms, such as the induction of oxidative stress, disruption of enzyme activity, and damage to cellular structures. Increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) causes damage to important biomolecules such as proteins, lipids, and DNA, which has the potential to trigger various chronic diseases. Additionally, the body’s detoxification system has limitations in coping with excessive exposure, leading to the accumulation of toxins in body tissues. These effects not only affect cellular function but also contribute to disorders of organ systems such as the nervous, cardiovascular, and metabolic systems. Therefore, a deep understanding of the mechanisms of biochemical toxicology is crucial in supporting efforts to prevent and manage health risks resulting from exposure to toxic compounds