Integrating Big Data, Cryptocurrency, and ESG in Sustainable Fiscal Policy

Abstract

This study aims to comprehensively examine the relationship between big data, sentiment analysis, cryptocurrencies, and Environmental, Social, and Governance principles in the context of modern fiscal policy. Through a narrative study approach to online scientific articles published in the last five years, this research highlights the strategic role of digital technology in strengthening the transparency, efficiency, and sustainability of the global economic system. The results of the study show that the use of big data analytics contributes significantly to increasing the effectiveness of evidence-based fiscal policies, while sentiment analysis provides in-depth insights into public perceptions and responses to economic policies. Cryptocurrency innovations and blockchain technology have also been proven to expand the space of fiscal transparency as well as drive the efficiency of digital financial governance. On the other hand, the integration of Environmental, Social, and Governance principles strengthens the direction of long-term economic sustainability through ethical and responsible investments. This study concludes that the synergy between digital innovation and sustainability value is an important foundation towards a resilient, inclusive, and adaptive fiscal system to global economic changes.