Governance of Digital Public Services and Personal Data Protection in Indonesia

Abstract

The rapid expansion of digital public services in Indonesia has increased the importance of personal data protection in public sector governance. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of personal data protection regulation and examine the urgency of strengthening such regulation in the context of digital transformation. Using a normative juridical method with systematic and sociological approaches, this research evaluates relevant legal frameworks and their implementation in public service systems. The findings indicate that although Undang-Undang Nomor 27 Tahun 2022 tentang Perlindungan Data Pribadi provides a comprehensive legal foundation, its effectiveness remains limited due to weak enforcement, fragmented policy integration, and insufficient institutional capacity. Furthermore, the rapid growth of data-driven governance has increased risks related to data misuse and privacy violations, highlighting the urgency of regulatory strengthening. This study concludes that improving enforcement mechanisms, institutional readiness, and policy integration is essential to ensure accountable and trustworthy digital public service governance.