Accounting and Auditing Transformation in the Era of Artificial Intelligence: Opportunities, Challenges, and Professional Implications

Abstract

The integration of artificial intelligence in accounting and auditing has significantly changed the way organizations manage data, assess risk, and generate financial information. This study uses a literature study approach by analyzing the scientific literature published in the last five years to understand the conceptual developments, technical impacts, and professional implications of the application of artificial intelligence. The results of the analysis show that artificial intelligence improves audit efficiency and accuracy through the use of machine learning, automated anomaly detection, and continuous auditing that utilizes real-time data. However, this progress is accompanied by substantial challenges in the form of algorithmic bias, limited model transparency, and data security risks that can affect the reliability of accounting information. The study also emphasizes the need to improve technological literacy, analytical skills, and understanding of digital ethics as key competencies for future accountants. The findings of the study indicate that the success of the application of artificial intelligence depends heavily on the synergy between technology, strong governance, and human resource readiness. Therefore, an integrative approach is needed so that artificial intelligence can function as a catalyst for improving the quality and relevance of the accounting profession in the digital era.