Public Policy, Green Technology, and Blue Innovation in the Global Circular Economy

Abstract

This study explores the critical role of public policy in advancing green technology and blue innovation within the framework of the global circular economy. Using a library research method, it reviews academic literature published last five years to capture recent theoretical and empirical developments. The findings highlight that public policy provides essential regulatory frameworks, fiscal incentives, and support for research and development, which significantly accelerate the adoption of environmentally friendly practices. Green technology contributes by improving energy efficiency, reducing carbon emissions, and extending product life cycles, thereby aligning industrial activities with sustainability objectives. Blue innovation, on the other hand, emphasizes the sustainable utilization of marine resources, including ocean energy, sustainable fisheries, and marine biotechnology, offering solutions to global challenges such as plastic pollution and overexploitation of marine ecosystems. The study concludes that the integration of public policy, green technology, and blue innovation is fundamental to achieving an inclusive and resilient circular economy that supports sustainable development and global environmental preservation.