The Role of Industry 4.0-Based E-Government in Realizing a Sustainable Society 5.0

Abstract

This article examines the role of Industry 4.0-based e-government in supporting the creation of a sustainable Society 5.0. The study adopts a library research method by reviewing scholarly literature published between last five years related to digital government transformation, sustainability, and technological innovation. The findings indicate that the application of digital technologies generates positive impacts on three main dimensions of sustainability. In the economic dimension, technologies such as machine learning, AI, and blockchain improve budget effectiveness, transparency, and bureaucratic efficiency. In the social dimension, e-government strengthens public participation, open data initiatives, and inclusiveness in public services. In the environmental dimension, the use of IoT and document digitalization supports more effective and resource-friendly environmental management. Despite these benefits, the study also highlights challenges such as limited digital infrastructure, low technological literacy, and data security issues. This article presents a conceptual framework linking e-government, Industry 4.0, and Society 5.0, while offering policy recommendations for strengthening sustainable governance.