E-Government in Indonesia: A Normative Study in Welcoming the Industrial Revolution 4.0

Abstract

The development of digital technology has encouraged governments in various countries, including Indonesia, to implement e-government as part of the transformation of public governance. This study aims to analyze the development of regulations, implementation barriers, and e-government projection strategies in the face of the Industrial Revolution 4.0. The method used is normative legal research by examining primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials, as well as academic literature in the last five years. The results of the analysis show that although national regulations such as Presidential Regulation Number 95 of 2018 concerning SPBE have provided a legal framework, implementation at the regional level is still constrained by infrastructure, human resource limitations, and bureaucratic culture. Digital disparities also widen service disparities between regions. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen adaptive regulations, increase the capacity of the apparatus, and harmonize central and regional policies. This article provides an academic contribution in the form of normative recommendations that can strengthen the legal basis of Indonesia's e-government towards inclusive and adaptive governance.