Public Policy and Social Inclusion in Tackling Environmental Pollution in Indonesia

Abstract

Environmental pollution is a major challenge that has an impact on people's health, social, and economy. This study aims to analyze the role of public policy and social inclusion in addressing environmental pollution in Indonesia. Using a normative juridical approach, this study examines legal frameworks, including the 1945 Constitution, Law No. 11 of 2020, Law No. 18 of 2008, and Government Regulation No. 81 of 2012, as well as academic literature for the period last five years. The results of the analysis show that although environmental regulations are available, the effectiveness of implementation is still limited due to weak supervision and lack of community participation. Social inclusion is seen as crucial because it ensures the involvement of vulnerable groups in decision-making, so that policies become more equitable and sustainable. The findings of this study confirm that the synergy between strong regulations, the role of the government as a regulator as well as a facilitator, and active participation of the community is the key to effectively tackling environmental pollution. The study also recommends strengthening collaborative mechanisms to broaden the base of public participation in environmental policy.