Green Economy in Indonesia in Research Trends, Implementation Challenges and Policy Directions

Abstract

Green economy has become a strategic paradigm in the pursuit of sustainable development, especially in addressing urgent global and national challenges such as climate change, environmental degradation, and the increasing demand for renewable energy resources. In the Indonesian context, the green economy is not only articulated in national planning documents such as the RPJMN, but it is also strategically positioned as both a tool for climate diplomacy and a driver of green investment opportunities. This article applies a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach to analyze scientific publications, focusing on the main trends, thematic priorities, and critical challenges in the implementation of the green economy in Indonesia. The review demonstrates that the majority of research emphasizes renewable energy, green financing, carbon trading, and circular economy. However, studies that address local-level policy, cross-sectoral integration, and the social justice dimension remain limited. Major challenges include the lack of integration between central and regional policies, insufficient financing mechanisms, and human resource capacity gaps. This article concludes that a successful transition toward a green economy in Indonesia demands a multidisciplinary perspective, stronger collaboration across stakeholders, and coherent long-term policy commitments that are adaptive to global sustainability dynamics.